Author information: (1)Enterome, 94-96 Avenue Ledru-Rollin, 75011, Paris, France. gchevalier@enterome.com. (2)Enterome, 94-96 Avenue Ledru-Rollin, 75011, Paris, France. (3)Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, M2iSH, USC-INRA 2018, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (4)Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France. (5)Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie, Marseille, France. (6)Microbiology of Intestinal Diseases, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain. (7)College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. (8)GI Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. (9)Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, 75012, Paris, France. (10)INRA, UMR1319 Micalis & AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, France. (11)Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, AP-HP, Paris, France. (#)Contributed equally