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Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Chew N, Situ J, Wu S

2. Characterization of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Immunocompetent Rabbits.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Liang C, Zhao C, Liu T

3. Serum Neutralizing and Enhancing Effects on African Swine Fever Virus Infectivity in Adherent Pig PBMC.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Canter JA, Aponte T, Ramirez-Medina E

4. Molecular Characterisation and Phylogeny of Tula Virus in Kazakhstan.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Tukhanova N, Shin A, Turebekov N

Orthohantaviruses are zoonotic pathogens that play a significant role in public health. These viruses can cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the first human cases were registered in the year 2000 in the West Kazakhstan region. Small mammals can be reservoirs of orthohantaviruses. Previous studies showed orthohantavirus antigens in wild-living small mammals in four districts of West Kazakhstan. Clinical studies suggested that there might be further regions with human orthohantavirus infections in Kazakhstan, but genetic data of orthohantaviruses in natural foci are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate small mammals for the presence of orthohantaviruses by molecular biological methods and to provide a phylogenetic characterization of the circulating strains in Kazakhstan. Small mammals were trapped at 19 sites in West Kazakhstan, four in Almaty region and at seven sites around Almaty city during all seasons of 2018 and 2019. Lung tissues of small mammals were homogenized and RNA was extracted. Orthohantavirus RT-PCR assays were applied for detection of partial S and L segment sequences. Results were compared to published fragments. In total, 621 small mammals from 11 species were analysed. Among the collected small mammals, 2.4% tested positive for orthohantavirus RNA, one sample from West Kazakhstan and 14 samples from Almaty region. None of the rodents caught in Almaty city were infected. Sequencing parts of the small (S) and large (L) segments specified Tula virus (TULV) in these two regions. Our data show that geographical distribution of TULV is more extended as previously thought. The detected sequences were found to be split in two distinct genetic clusters of TULV in West Kazakhstan and Almaty region. TULV was detected in the common vole (Microtus arvalis) and for the first time in two individuals of the forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula), interpreted as a spill-over infection in Kazakhstan.

5. Genome-Wide Reassortment Analysis of Influenza A H7N9 Viruses Circulating in China during 2013-2019.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

He D, Wang X, Wu H

Reassortment with the H9N2 virus gave rise to the zoonotic H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV), which caused more than five outbreak waves in humans, with high mortality. The frequent exchange of genomic segments between H7N9 and H9N2 has been well-documented. However, the reassortment patterns have not been described and are not yet fully understood. Here, we used phylogenetic analyses to investigate the patterns of intersubtype and intrasubtype/intralineage reassortment across the eight viral segments. The H7N9 virus and its progeny frequently exchanged internal genes with the H9N2 virus but rarely with the other AIV subtypes. Before beginning the intrasubtype/intralineage reassortment analyses, five Yangtze River Delta (YRD A-E) and two Pearl River Delta (PRD A-B) clusters were divided according to the HA gene phylogeny. The seven reset segment genes were also nomenclatured consistently. As revealed by the tanglegram results, high intralineage reassortment rates were determined in waves 2-3 and 5. Additionally, the clusters of PB2 c05 and M c02 were the most dominant in wave 5, which could have contributed to the onset of the largest H7N9 outbreak in 2016-2017. Meanwhile, a portion of the YRD-C cluster (HP H7N9) inherited their PB2, PA, and M segments from the co-circulating YRD-E (LP H7N9) cluster during wave 5. Untanglegram results revealed that the reassortment rate between HA and NA was lower than HA with any of the other six segments. A multidimensional scaling plot revealed a robust genetic linkage between the PB2 and PA genes, indicating that they may share a co-evolutionary history. Furthermore, we observed relatively more robust positive selection pressure on HA, NA, M2, and NS1 proteins. Our findings demonstrate that frequent reassortment, particular reassorted patterns, and adaptive mutations shaped the H7N9 viral genetic diversity and evolution. Increased surveillance is required immediately to better understand the current state of the HP H7N9 AIV.

6. Structural Plasticity and Immune Evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Ghimire D, Han Y, Lu M.

7. Construction of a Dengue NanoLuc Reporter Virus for In Vivo Live Imaging in Mice.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Fang E, Liu X, Li M

8. Tyrosine 146 of the Human Na(+)/Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide (NTCP) Is Essential for Its Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Receptor Function and HBV Entry into Hepatocytes.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Zakrzewicz D, Leidolf R, Kunz S

Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP, gene symbol SLC10A1) is a hepatic bile acid uptake carrier participating in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. Apart from its transporter function, NTCP acts as the high-affinity liver-specific receptor for the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which attaches via its preS1-peptide domain of the large surface protein to NTCP, subsequently leading to endocytosis of the virus/NTCP-receptor complex. Although the process of NTCP-dependent HBV infection of hepatocytes has received much attention over the last decade, the precise molecular sites of the virus/NTCP interaction have not been fully identified. Inspection of the primary protein sequence of human NTCP revealed 139YIYSRGIY146 as a highly conserved tyrosine-rich motif. To study the role of Y139, Y141 and Y146 amino acids in NTCP biology, the aforementioned residues were substituted with alanine, phenylalanine or glutamate (mimicking phosphorylation) using site-directed mutagenesis. Similar to wt NTCP, the Y139A, Y141A, Y146A, Y141F, Y146F, and Y146E mutants were expressed at the plasma membrane of HEK293 cells and exhibited intact bile acid transport function. Y146A, Y146E, and Y146F demonstrated transport kinetics comparable to wild-type NTCP with Km values of 57.3-112.4 µM and Vmax values of 6683-7579 pmol/mg protein/min. Only Y141E was transport deficient, most likely due to an intracellular accumulation of the mutant protein. Most importantly, Y146A and Y146E mutation completely abrogated binding of the viral preS1-peptide to NTCP, while the Y146F mutant of NTCP showed some residual binding competence for preS1. Consequently, the NTCP mutants Y146A and Y146E, when expressed in HepG2 hepatoma cells, showed complete loss of susceptibility for in vitro HBV infection. In conclusion, tyrosine 146, and to some extent tyrosine 141, both belonging to the tyrosine-rich motif 139YIYSRGIY146 of human NTCP, are newly identified amino acid residues that play an essential role in the interaction of HBV with its receptor NTCP and, thus, in the process of virus entry into hepatocytes.

9. High Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Breakthrough Infections Despite Residual Humoral and Cellular Immunity Induced by BNT162b2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study in Belgium.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Calcoen B, Callewaert N, Vandenbulcke A

10. Viruses of Economic Impact on Tomato Crops in Mexico: From Diagnosis to Management-A Review.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

García-Estrada RS, Diaz-Lara A, Aguilar-Molina VH

11. Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 9

Kennedy PGE, Montague P.

12. Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Evasion: Interferon Pathway and Therapeutic Options.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Znaidia M, Demeret C, van der Werf S

13. Comparison of qPCR with ddPCR for the Quantification of JC Polyomavirus in CSF from Patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Ngouth N, Monaco MC, Walker L

BACKGROUND: Lytic infection of oligodendrocytes by the human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) results in the demyelinating disease called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The detection of viral DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by PCR is an important diagnostic tool and, in conjunction with defined radiological and clinical features, can provide diagnosis of definite PML, avoiding the need for brain biopsy. The main aim of this study is to compare the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay with the gold standard quantitative PCR (qPCR) for the quantification of JC viral loads in clinical samples. METHODS: A total of 62 CSF samples from 31 patients with PML were analyzed to compare the qPCR gold standard technique with ddPCR to detect conserved viral DNA sequences in the JCPyV genome. As part of the validation process, ddPCR results were compared to qPCR data obtained in 42 different laboratories around the world. In addition, the characterization of a novel triplex ddPCR to detect viral DNA sequence from both prototype and archetype variants and a cellular housekeeping reference gene is described. Triplex ddPCR was used to analyze the serum from six PML patients and from three additional cohorts, including 20 healthy controls (HC), 20 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who had never been treated with natalizumab (no-NTZ-treated), and 14 patients with MS who were being treated with natalizumab (NTZ-treated); three from this last group seroconverted during the course of treatment with natalizumab. RESULTS: JCPyV DNA was detected only by ddPCR for 5 of the 62 CSF samples (8%), while remaining undetected by qPCR. For nine CSF samples (15%), JCPyV DNA was at the lower limit of quantification for qPCR, set at <250 copies/mL, and therefore no relative quantitation could be determined. By contrast, exact copies of JCPyV for each of these samples were quantified by ddPCR. No differences were observed between qPCR and ddPCR when five standardized plasma samples were analyzed for JCPyV in 42 laboratories in the United States and Europe. JCPyV-DNA was undetected in all the sera from HC and MS cohorts tested by triplex ddPCR, while serum samples from six patients with PML tested positive for JCPyV. CONCLUSION: This study shows strong correlation between ddPCR and qPCR with increased sensitivity of the ddPCR assay. Further work will be needed to determine whether multiplex ddPCR can be useful to determine PML risk in natalizumab-treated MS patients.

14. Point Prevalence Studies Are Necessary as First Steps in Studying the Epidemiology of Viruses and Other Pathogens Transmitted by Arthropods.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Calisher CH.

15. Feline Panleukopenia Outbreaks and Risk Factors in Cats in Animal Shelters.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Rehme T, Hartmann K, Truyen U

16. Natural Immunity against HIV-1: Progression of Understanding after Association Studies.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Luo M.

17. Aptamer-Based High-Throughput Screening Model for Efficient Selection and Evaluation of Natural Ingredients against SGIV Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Wei H, Guo Z, Long Y

18. Exploring New Routes for Genetic Resistances to Potyviruses: The Case of the Arabidopsis thaliana Phosphoglycerates Kinases (PGK) Metabolic Enzymes.

Viruses

2022 Jun 8

Diop M, Gallois JL.

19. Proper Selection of In Vitro Cell Model Affects the Characterization of the Neutralizing Antibody Response against SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Criscuolo E, Giuliani B, Ferrari D

20. Identification of Dobrava-Belgrade Virus in Apodemus flavicollis from North-Eastern Italy during Enhanced Mortality.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Leopardi S, Drzewnioková P, Baggieri M

21. Recombination in Coronaviruses, with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Focosi D, Maggi F.

22. SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Protein ORF8 Decreases Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Beaudoin-Bussières G, Arduini A, Bourassa C

23. Antibody Response Induced by BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 in a Cohort of Healthcare Workers.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Delgado JF, Berenguer-Llergo A, Julià G

24. Genomic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in South American Countries.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Luna N, Muñoz M, Ramírez AL

25. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Siphoviridae Phage, vB_AbaS_TCUP2199, Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Mardiana M, Teh SH, Lin LC

26. Sex Differences in COVID-19 Hospitalization and Hospital Mortality among Patients with COPD in Spain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

de Miguel-Diez J, Lopez-de-Andres A, Jimenez-Garcia R

27. The Evolution, Genomic Epidemiology, and Transmission Dynamics of Tembusu Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Cui Y, Pan Y, Guo J

28. Interplay of HCPro and CP in the Regulation of Potato Virus A RNA Expression and Encapsidation.

Viruses

2022 Jun 7

Saha S, Lõhmus A, Dutta P

29. Bis-Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Inhibit Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro and In Vivo.

Viruses

2022 Jun 6

Dong S, Yu R, Wang X

30. SARS-CoV-2 Whole-Genome Sequencing by Ion S5 Technology-Challenges, Protocol Optimization and Success Rates for Different Strains.

Viruses

2022 Jun 6

Szargut M, Cytacka S, Serwin K

31. National Scale Real-Time Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Dynamics by Wastewater Monitoring in Israel.

Viruses

2022 Jun 6

Bar-Or I, Indenbaum V, Weil M

32. Characterization of the Cross-Species Transmission Potential for Porcine Deltacoronaviruses Expressing Sparrow Coronavirus Spike Protein in Commercial Poultry.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Alhamo MA, Boley PA, Liu M

Avian species often serve as transmission vectors and sources of recombination for viral infections due to their ability to travel vast distances and their gregarious behaviors. Recently a novel deltacoronavirus (DCoV) was identified in sparrows. Sparrow deltacoronavirus (SpDCoV), coupled with close contact between sparrows and swine carrying porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) may facilitate recombination of DCoVs resulting in novel CoV variants. We hypothesized that the spike (S) protein or receptor-binding domain (RBD) from sparrow coronaviruses (SpCoVs) may enhance infection in poultry. We used recombinant chimeric viruses, which express S protein or the RBD of SpCoV (icPDCoV-SHKU17, and icPDCoV-RBDISU) on the genomic backbone of an infectious clone of PDCoV (icPDCoV). Chimeric viruses were utilized to infect chicken derived DF-1 cells, turkey poults, and embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) to examine permissiveness, viral replication kinetics, pathogenesis and pathology. We demonstrated that DF-1 cells in addition to the positive control LLC-PK1 cells are susceptible to SpCoV spike- and RBD- recombinant chimeric virus infections. However, the replication of chimeric viruses in DF-1 cells, but not LLC-PK1 cells, was inefficient. Inoculated 8-day-old turkey poults appeared resistant to icPDCoV-, icPDCoV-SHKU17- and icPDCoV-RBDISU virus infections. In 5-day-old ECEs, significant mortality was observed in PDCoV inoculated eggs with less in the spike chimeras, while in 11-day-old ECEs there was no evidence of viral replication, suggesting that PDCoV is better adapted to cross species infection and differentiated ECE cells are not susceptible to PDCoV infection. Collectively, we demonstrate that the SpCoV chimeric viruses are not more infectious in turkeys, nor ECEs than wild type PDCoV. Therefore, understanding the cell and host factors that contribute to resistance to PDCoV and avian-swine chimeric virus infections may aid in the design of novel antiviral therapies against DCoVs.

33. New p35 (H3L) Epitope Involved in Vaccinia Virus Neutralization and Its Deimmunization.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Khlusevich Y, Matveev A, Emelyanova L

34. Identification of a Novel HBV Encoded miRNA Using Next Generation Sequencing.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Loukachov V, van Dort KA, Jansen L

35. Azelnidipine Exhibits In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Effects against Flavivirus Infections by Targeting the Viral RdRp.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Wang Z, Yan Y, Dai Q

36. Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Li P, Huang S, Xiao S

37. Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses and Current Therapeutic Advances.

Viruses

2022 Jun 5

Qian X, Qi Z.

38. Combination of E- and NS1-Derived DNA Vaccines: The Immune Response and Protection Elicited in Mice against DENV2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Pinto PBA, Barros TAC, Lima LM

39. Cholesterol Biosynthesis Modulates CSFV Replication.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Zou X, Lin F, Yang Y

40. Assessment of Explicit Representation of Dynamic Viral Processes in Regional Marine Ecological Models.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Xie L, Zhang R, Luo YW.

41. Dynamic Interactions of Post Cleaved NS2B Cofactor and NS3 Protease Identified by Integrative Structural Approaches.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Quek JP, Ser Z, Chew BLA

Diseases caused by flaviviruses such as dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile Virus (WNV), are a serious threat to public health. The flavivirus single-stranded RNA genome is translated into a polyprotein which is cleaved into three structural proteins and seven non-structural proteins by the viral and cellular proteases. Non-structural (NS) protein 3 is a multifunctional protein that has N-terminal protease and C-terminal helicase domains. The NS3 protease requires co-factor NS2B for enzymatic activity and folding. Due to its essential role in viral replication, NS2B-NS3 protease is an attractive target for antiviral drugs. Despite the availability of crystal structures, dynamic interactions of the N- and C-termini of NS2B co-factor have been elusive due to their flexible fold. In this study, we employ integrative structural approaches combined with biochemical assays to elucidate the dynamic interactions of the flexible DENV4 NS2B and NS3 N- and C-termini. We captured the crystal structure of self-cleaved DENV4 NS2B47NS3 protease in post cleavage state. The intermediate conformation adopted in the reported structure can be targeted by allosteric inhibitors. Comparison of our new findings from DENV4 against previously studied ZIKV NS2B-NS3 proteins reveals differences in NS2B-NS3 function between the two viruses. No inhibition of protease activity was observed for unlinked DENV NS2B-NS3 in presence of the cleavage site while ZIKV NS2B-NS3 cleavage inhibits protease activity. Another difference is that binding of the NS2B C-terminus to DENV4 eNS2B47NS3Pro active site is mediated via interactions with P4-P6 residues while for ZIKV, the binding of NS2B C-terminus to active site is mediated by P1-P3 residues. The mapping of NS2B N- and C-termini with NS3 indicates that these intermolecular interactions occur mainly on the beta-barrel 2 of the NS3 protease domain. Our integrative approach enables a comprehensive understanding of the folding and dynamic interactions of DENV NS3 protease and its cofactor NS2B.

42. Diversity of SIRV-like Viruses from a North American Population.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Fackler JR, Dworjan M, Gazi KS

A small subset of acidic hot springs sampled in Yellowstone National Park yielded rod-shaped viruses which lysed liquid host cultures and formed clear plaques on lawns of host cells. Three isolates chosen for detailed analysis were found to be genetically related to previously described isolates of the Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus (SIRV), but distinct from them and from each other. Functional stability of the new isolates was assessed in a series of inactivation experiments. UV-C radiation inactivated one of the isolates somewhat faster than bacteriophage λ, suggesting that encapsidation in the SIRV-like virion did not confer unusual protection of the DNA from UV damage. With respect to high temperature, the new isolates were extremely, but not equally, stable. Several chemical treatments were found to inactivate the virions and, in some cases, to reveal apparent differences in virion stability among the isolates. Screening a larger set of isolates identified greater variation of these stability properties but found few correlations among the resulting profiles. The majority of host cells infected by the new isolates were killed, but survivors exhibited heritable resistance, which could not be attributed to CRISPR spacer acquisition or the loss of the pilus-related genes identified by earlier studies. Virus-resistant host variants arose at high frequency and most were resistant to multiple viral strains; conversely, resistant host clones generated virus-sensitive variants, also at high frequency. Virus-resistant cells lacked the ability of virus-sensitive cells to bind virions in liquid suspensions. Rapid interconversion of sensitive and resistant forms of a host strain suggests the operation of a yet-unidentified mechanism that acts to allow both the lytic virus and its host to propagate in highly localized natural populations, whereas variation of virion-stability phenotypes among the new viral isolates suggests that multiple molecular features contribute to the biological durability of these viruses.

43. SARS-CoV-2 Circulation during the First Year of the Pandemic: A Seroprevalence Study from January to December 2020 in Tuscany, Italy.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Marchi S, Lanave G, Camero M

44. Design of a Multiepitope Vaccine against Chicken Anemia Virus Disease.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Fatoba AJ, Adeleke VT, Maharaj L

45. Comparison of the Hemagglutination Inhibition Titers against Influenza Vaccine Strains in Japan from the 2017/2018 to 2021/2022 Seasons Using a Single Set of Serum Samples.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Otani N, Nakajima K, Ishikawa K

46. Isolation of Novel Xanthomonas Phages Infecting the Plant Pathogens X. translucens and X. campestris.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Erdrich SH, Sharma V, Schurr U

47. Human ACE2 Polymorphisms from Different Human Populations Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Hu P, Bauer VL, Sawyer SL

48. Mutagenic Analysis of the HIV Restriction Factor Shiftless.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Jäger N, Ayyub SA, Korniy N

49. Chikungunya Virus Asian Lineage Infection in the Amazon Region Is Maintained by Asiatic and Caribbean-Introduced Variants.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

de Oliveira Ribeiro G, Gill DE, do Socorro Foro Ramos E

50. Eye Infection with SARS-CoV-2 as a Route to Systemic Immunization?

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Schrage N, Blomet J, Holzer F

51. Genetic Analysis of HPIV3 That Emerged during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Gwangju, South Korea.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Lee H, Kim SH, Cho SJ

52. PIWI Proteins Play an Antiviral Role in Lepidopteran Cell Lines.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Santos D, Verdonckt TW, Mingels L

53. Variant of Concern-Matched COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Usage in Seronegative Hospitalized Patients.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Franchini M, Focosi D, Percivalle E

54. Silent Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus in Pregnancy: Implications for Maintenance of Immunity to Varicella.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Mourad M, Gershon M, Mehta SK

55. HPLC-Based Purification and Isolation of Potent Anti-HIV and Latency Reversing Daphnane Diterpenes from the Medicinal Plant Gnidia sericocephala (Thymelaeaceae).

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Tembeni B, Sciorillo A, Invernizzi L

56. Expanded Diversity and Host Range of Bovine Hepacivirus-Genomic and Serological Evidence in Domestic and Wild Ruminant Species.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Breitfeld J, Fischer N, Tsachev I

57. Commercially Available Flavonols Are Better SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors than Isoflavone and Flavones.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Chaves OA, Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Wang X

58. Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Vaccinia Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Shchelkunov SN, Yakubitskiy SN, Sergeev AA

59. Host Cytoskeleton Gene Expression Is Correlated with the Formation of Ascovirus Reproductive Viral Vesicles.

Viruses

2022 Jun 30

Zaghloul HAH, Arensburger P, Federici BA.

60. Comparison of Endemic and Epidemic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Lineages in Culicoides sonorensis Midges.

Viruses

2022 Jun 3

Rozo-Lopez P, Pauszek SJ, Velazquez-Salinas L

61. Non-Productive Infection of Glial Cells with SARS-CoV-2 in Hamster Organotypic Cerebellar Slice Cultures.

Viruses

2022 Jun 3

Lamoureux L, Sajesh B, Slota JA

62. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa.

Viruses

2022 Jun 3

Lambarey H, Blumenthal MJ, Chetram A

63. High Prevalence of Porcine Circovirus 3 in Hungarian Pig Herds: Results of a Systematic Sampling Protocol.

Viruses

2022 Jun 3

Igriczi B, Dénes L, Biksi I

64. Occurrence and Characterization of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Found in Mono- and Mixed Infection with High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus in Winter Wheat in Ukraine.

Viruses

2022 Jun 3

Pozhylov I, Snihur H, Shevchenko T

65. Differences in Humoral Immune Response against the Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus via Different Immune Pathways.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Li W, Sun Y, Zhao S

66. Retrospective Detection and Complete Genomic Sequencing of Canine morbillivirus in Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) Using Nanopore Technology.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Lanszki Z, Lanszki J, Tóth GE

67. Immunization with Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Protects Rabbits against Hepatitis E-3 Virus Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Go HJ, Park BJ, Ahn HS

68. Isolation of Genetically Diverse H5N8 Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry in Egypt, 2019-2021.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Salaheldin AH, Elbestawy AR, Abdelkader AM

69. Pharmacological Studies in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Belgium: We Could Do Better.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Hites M, Vincent JL.

70. Contrasting Epidemiology and Population Genetics of COVID-19 Infections Defined by Multilocus Genotypes in SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Sampled Globally.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Chan FHM, Ataide R, Richards JS

Since its emergence in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread and evolved globally, with newly emerged variants of concern (VOCs) accounting for more than 500 million COVID-19 cases and 6 million deaths. Continuous surveillance utilizing simple genetic tools is needed to measure the viral epidemiological diversity, risk of infection, and distribution among different demographics in different geographical regions. To help address this need, we developed a proof-of-concept multilocus genotyping tool and demonstrated its utility to monitor viral populations sampled in 2020 and 2021 across six continents. We sampled globally 22,164 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from GISAID (inclusion criteria: available clinical and demographic data). They comprised two study populations, "2020 genomes" (N = 5959) sampled from December 2019 to September 2020 and "2021 genomes" (N = 16,205) sampled from 15 January to 15 March 2021. All genomes were aligned to the SARS-CoV-2 reference genome and amino acid polymorphisms were called with quality filtering. Thereafter, 74 codons (loci) in 14 genes including orf1ab polygene (N = 9), orf3a, orf8, nucleocapsid (N), matrix (M), and spike (S) met the 0.01 minimum allele frequency criteria and were selected to construct multilocus genotypes (MLGs) for the genomes. At these loci, 137 mutant/variant amino acids (alleles) were detected with eight VOC-defining variant alleles, including N KR203&204, orf1ab (I265, F3606, and L4715), orf3a H57, orf8 S84, and S G614, being predominant globally with > 35% prevalence. Their persistence and selection were associated with peaks in the viral transmission and COVID-19 incidence between 2020 and 2021. Epidemiologically, older patients (≥20 years) compared to younger patients (<20 years) had a higher risk of being infected with these variants, but this association was dependent on the continent of origin. In the global population, the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) showed contrasting patterns of genetic clustering with three (Africa, Asia, and North America) and two (North and South America) continental clusters being observed for the 2020 and 2021 global populations, respectively. Within each continent, the MLG repertoires (range 40-199) sampled in 2020 and 2021 were genetically differentiated, with ≤4 MLGs per repertoire accounting for the majority of genomes sampled. These data suggested that the majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections in 2020 and 2021 were caused by genetically distinct variants that likely adapted to local populations. Indeed, four GISAID clade-defined VOCs - GRY (Alpha), GH (Beta), GR (Gamma), and G/GK (Delta variant) were differentiated by their MLG signatures, demonstrating the versatility of the MLG tool for variant identification. Results from this proof-of-concept multilocus genotyping demonstrates its utility for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance and for monitoring its spatiotemporal epidemiology and evolution, particularly in response to control interventions including COVID-19 vaccines and chemotherapies.

71. Molecular Characterization of a Novel Polerovirus Infecting Soybean in China.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Xu T, Lei L, Fu Y

72. The Impact of Early Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) for HIV on the Sensitivity of the Latest Generation of Blood Screening and Point of Care Assays.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Vermeulen M, van Schalkwyk C, Jacobs G

73. Investigating the Human Host-ssRNA Virus Interaction Landscape Using the SMEAGOL Toolbox.

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Lal A, Galvao Ferrarini M, Gruber AJ.

74. Recombinant LSDV Strains in Asia: Vaccine Spillover or Natural Emergence?

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Vandenbussche F, Mathijs E, Philips W

75. Transmission of Grapevine Ampelo- and Vitiviruses by the Bohemian Mealybug Heliococcus bohemicus Šulc (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Hommay G, Beuve M, Herrbach E.

76. Special Issue "COVID-19 and Thrombosis".

Viruses

2022 Jun 29

Di Micco P, Imbalzano E, Camporese G.

77. Transcriptional and Translational Dynamics of Zika and Dengue Virus Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Singh K, Martinez MG, Lin J

78. Identifying Structural Features of Nucleotide Analogues to Overcome SARS-CoV-2 Exonuclease Activity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Wang X, Tao C, Morozova I

79. Low Intrahost and Interhost Genetic Diversity of Carnivore Protoparvovirus 1 in Domestic Cats during a Feline Panleukopenia Outbreak.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Wang X, Carrai M, Van Brussel K

80. Genotype Uniformity, Wild Bird-to-Poultry Transmissions, and Farm-to-Farm Carryover during the Spread of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 in the Czech Republic in 2021.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Nagy A, Černíková L, Stará M

81. Examination of the Virome of Taro Plants Affected by a Lethal Disease, the Alomae-Bobone Virus Complex, in Papua New Guinea.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Olmedo-Velarde A, Loristo J, Kong A

82. Deletion of the ASFV dUTPase Gene E165R from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Vuono EA, Ramirez-Medina E, Pruitt S

83. Changes in Estimating the Wild Boar Carcasses Sampling Effort: Applying the EFSA ASF Exit Strategy by Means of the WBC-Counter Tool.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Cappai S, Baldi I, Desini P

84. Binding of hnRNP I-vRNA Regulates Sindbis Virus Structural Protein Expression to Promote Particle Infectivity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Westcott CE, Qazi S, Maiocco AM

85. Synthesized Magnolol Derivatives Improve Anti-Micropterus salmoides Rhabdovirus (MSRV) Activity In Vivo.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Jin Y, Yang F, Zhang G

Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is a primary viral pathogen in largemouth bass aquaculture, which leads to tremendous economic losses yearly. Currently, there are no approved drugs for the treatment and control of this virus. Our previous studies screened the herb Magnolia officinalis from many traditional Chinese medicines, and we isolated and identified magnolol as its main active compound against multiple rhabdoviruses, including MSRV. On the basis of the structure-activity relationship and pharmacophore model of magnolol, two new magnolol derivatives, namely, hydrogenated magnolol and 2,2'-dimethoxy-magnolol, were designed and synthesized. Their anti-MSRV activities were systematically investigated both in vitro and in vivo. By comparing the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), it was found that hydrogenated magnolol possessed a higher anti-MSRV activity than magnolol and 2,2'-dimethoxy-magnolol, with an IC50 of 13.37 μM. Furthermore, hydrogenated magnolol exhibited a protective effect on the grass carp ovary (GCO) cell line by reducing the cytopathic effect induced by MSRV. Further studies revealed that hydrogenated magnolol did not directly impact virions or interfere with MSRV adsorption. It worked within the 6-8 h of the phase of virus replication. In vivo treatment of MSRV infection with magnolol and hydrogenated magnolol showed that they significantly improved the survival rate by 44.6% and 62.7%, respectively, compared to MSRV-infected groups. The viral load measured by the expression of viral glycoprotein in the organs including the liver, spleen, and kidney also significantly decreased when fish were intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Altogether, the structural optimization of magnolol via hydrogenation of the propylene groups increased its anti-MSRV activity both in vitro and in vivo. These results may provide a valuable reference for anti-MSRV drug discovery and development in aquaculture.

86. Sequencing during Times of Change: Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Samples during the Transition from the Delta to Omicron Wave.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Feng S, Ali MS, Evdokimova M

87. Correction: Long, S. SARS-CoV-2 Subgenomic RNAs: Characterization, Utility, and Perspectives. Viruses 2020, 13, 1923.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Long S.

88. Epidemic and Evolutionary Characteristics of Swine Enteric Viruses in South-Central China from 2018 to 2021.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Li C, Lu H, Geng C

89. Development of Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry Assay for the Detection of Human Norovirus Major Capsid Protein.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Kimura Y, Shin J, Nakai Y

90. Sequence-Specific Features of Short Double-Strand, Blunt-End RNAs Have RIG-I- and Type 1 Interferon-Dependent or -Independent Anti-Viral Effects.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Kannan A, Suomalainen M, Volle R

91. Pathophysiology of Influenza D Virus Infection in Specific-Pathogen-Free Lambs with or without Prior Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Exposure.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Robinson E, Schulein C, Jacobson BT

92. Potential Autoimmunity Resulting from Molecular Mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Human Proteins.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Nunez-Castilla J, Stebliankin V, Baral P

93. Advances in Crosstalk between Porcine Circoviruses and Host.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Niu G, Chen S, Li X

94. Was the Reduction in Seasonal Influenza Transmission during 2020 Attributable to Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Contain Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Japan?

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Wagatsuma K, Koolhof IS, Saito R.

95. Weekly Nowcasting of New COVID-19 Cases Using Past Viral Load Measurements.

Viruses

2022 Jun 28

Khalil A, Al Handawi K, Mohsen Z

96. Inhibitors of Deubiquitinating Enzymes Interfere with the SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease and Block Virus Replication In Vitro.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Große M, Setz C, Rauch P

97. Development and Primary Application of an Indirect ELISA Based on Rep Protein to Analyze Antibodies against Porcine Cocirvirus-like Virus (PCLV).

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Chen Z, Hu X, Wu X

98. An Improved, Dual-Direction, Promoter-Driven, Reverse Genetics System for the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV).

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Hu X, Chen Z, Wu X

99. Gut Microbiome Changes Occurring with Norovirus Infection and Recovery in Infants Enrolled in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort in Leon, Nicaragua.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Cannon JL, Seabolt MH, Xu R

100. Interaction of Nucleolin with the Fusion Protein of Avian Metapneumovirus Subgroup C Contributes to Viral Replication.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Wang D, Hou L, Zhu N

101. Effect of Casirivimab/Imdevimab Treatment on Serum Type I Interferon Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Nagaoka K, Kawasuji H, Takegoshi Y

102. The C-Terminal Domain of HIV-1 Integrase: A Swiss Army Knife for the Virus?

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Rocchi C, Gouet P, Parissi V

103. Occurrence, Genetic Variability of Tomato Yellow Ring Orthotospovirus Population and the Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Its Rapid Detection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Zarzyńska-Nowak A, Budzyńska D, Taberska A

104. Cardiopulmonary Injury in the Syrian Hamster Model of COVID-19.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Xue Y, Yang D, Vogel P

105. Tryptophan Residues Are Critical for Portal Protein Assembly and Incorporation in Bacteriophage P22.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Woodbury BM, Motwani T, Leroux MN

106. An Equine Model for Vaccination against a Hepacivirus: Insights into Host Responses to E2 Recombinant Protein Vaccination and Subsequent Equine Hepacivirus Inoculation.

Viruses

2022 Jun 27

Badenhorst M, Saalmüller A, Daly JM

107. Effective Infection with Dengue Virus in Experimental Neonate and Adult Mice through the Intranasal Route.

Viruses

2022 Jun 26

Qiu M, Zhao L, Zhang J

108. Drug Discovery Study Aimed at a Functional Cure for HBV.

Viruses

2022 Jun 26

Watanabe T, Hayashi S, Tanaka Y.

109. The Neutralizing Antibody Responses of Individuals That Spontaneously Resolve Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Cowton VM, Dunlop JI, Cole SJ

110. Experimental Infections of Pigs with African Swine Fever Virus (Genotype II); Studies in Young Animals and Pregnant Sows.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Lohse L, Nielsen J, Uttenthal Å

111. Genomic Comparisons of Alphacoronaviruses and Betacoronaviruses from Korean Bats.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Lo VT, Yoon SW, Choi YG

112. SERINC5 Restricts HIV-1 Infectivity by Promoting Conformational Changes and Accelerating Functional Inactivation of Env.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Kirschman J, Marin M, Chen YC

113. Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus: Genome Evolution in Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated SPF Chickens.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Flageul A, Allée C, Courtillon C

114. Transmission, Strain Diversity, and Zoonotic Potential of Chronic Wasting Disease.

Viruses

2022 Jun 25

Pritzkow S.

115. High-Throughput Screening of FDA-Approved Drug Library Reveals Ixazomib Is a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agent against Arboviruses.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Ding C, Tang W, Xia B

116. Virological Treatment Monitoring for Chronic Hepatitis B.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Loggi E, Gitto S, Gabrielli F

117. Disinfectants against African Swine Fever: An Updated Review.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Beato MS, D'Errico F, Iscaro C

118. Genomic Divergence Characterization and Quantitative Proteomics Exploration of Type 4 Porcine Astrovirus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Tao J, Li B, Cheng J

119. Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Bacteriophages against Bacterial Walnut Blight and Field Evaluation.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Retamales J, Núñez P, Alvarado R

120. Serum Markers Associated with Disease Severity in a Bosnian Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Cohort.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Noack D, Travar M, Mrdjen V

121. Neutralizing Antibody Response to Sarbecovirus Is Delayed in Sequential Heterologous Immunization.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Lv H, So RTY, Teo QW

122. The Role of Latency-Associated Transcripts in the Latent Infection of Pseudorabies Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Deng J, Wu Z, Liu J

123. Association of Pre-S/S and Polymerase Mutations with Acute and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infections in Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

de Almeida Ribeiro CR, Martinelli KG, da Motta de Mello V

124. A Comparison of Pseudorabies Virus Latency to Other α-Herpesvirinae Subfamily Members.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Chen J, Li G, Wan C

125. Follow up of the Humoral Response in Healthcare Workers after the Administration of Two Dose of the Anti SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines-Effectiveness in Delta Variant Breakthrough Infections.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Fernández-Rivas G, Barallat J, Quirant-Sánchez B

126. Description of a One-Year Succession of Variants of Interest and Concern of SARS-CoV-2 in Venezuela.

Viruses

2022 Jun 24

Jaspe RC, Loureiro CL, Sulbaran Y

127. Time-Series Analysis for the Number of Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak Episodes in Cattle Farms in Thailand Using Data from 2010-2020.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Punyapornwithaya V, Mishra P, Sansamur C

128. Increased Serum Mir-150-3p Expression Is Associated with Radiological Lung Injury Improvement in Patients with COVID-19.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Bueno LCM, Paim LR, Minin EOZ

129. Identifying Endogenous Cellular Proteins Destabilizing the Propagation of Swi1 Prion upon Overproduction.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Du Z, Cho B, Li L.

130. Fusion Proteins CLD and CLDmut Demonstrate Potent and Broad Neutralizing Activity against HIV-1.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Fu M, Xiao Y, Du T

131. Origin and Deep Evolution of Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Pan-Primates.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Li Y, Zhang G, Cui J.

132. A Newly Engineered A549 Cell Line Expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Is Highly Permissive to SARS-CoV-2, Including the Delta and Omicron Variants.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Chang CW, Parsi KM, Somasundaran M

133. Metatranscriptomic Comparison of Viromes in Endemic and Introduced Passerines in New Zealand.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

French RK, Filion A, Niebuhr CN

134. Transmission of Diverse Variants of Strawberry Viruses Is Governed by a Vector Species.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Koloniuk I, Matyášová A, Brázdová S

135. Correction: Briggs, D.J.; Moore, S.M. The Route of Administration of Rabies Vaccines: Comparing the Data. Viruses 2021, 13, 1252.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Briggs DJ, Moore SM.

136. Efficacy of Licensed Monoclonal Antibodies and Antiviral Agents against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Sublineages BA.1 and BA.2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Fiaschi L, Dragoni F, Schiaroli E

137. HYGIEIA: HYpothesizing the Genesis of Infectious Diseases and Epidemics through an Integrated Systems Biology Approach.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Ward B, Yombi JC, Balligand JL

138. Targeted Therapy of HPV Positive and Negative Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Reveals Synergy between CDK4/6, PI3K and Sometimes FGFR Inhibitors, but Rarely between PARP and WEE1 Inhibitors.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Kostopoulou ON, Zupancic M, Pont M

139. Antigenicity Alternations of Variant PEDV S Protein Disclosed by Linear B Cell Epitope Mapping.

Viruses

2022 Jun 23

Yu R, Dong S, Chen B

140. Development and Validation of Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Detecting Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Cattle, Swine, and Chicken.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Gontu A, Marlin EA, Ramasamy S

141. Comprehensive Linear Epitope Prediction System for Host Specificity in Nodaviridae.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Shih TC, Ho LP, Chou HY

BACKGROUND: Nodaviridae infection is one of the leading causes of death in commercial fish. Although many vaccines against this virus family have been developed, their efficacies are relatively low. Nodaviridae are categorized into three subfamilies: alphanodavirus (infects insects), betanodavirus (infects fish), and gammanodavirus (infects prawns). These three subfamilies possess host-specific characteristics that could be used to identify effective linear epitopes (LEs). METHODOLOGY: A multi-expert system using five existing LE prediction servers was established to obtain initial LE candidates. Based on the different clustered pathogen groups, both conserved and exclusive LEs among the Nodaviridae family could be identified. The advantages of undocumented cross infection among the different host species for the Nodaviridae family were applied to re-evaluate the impact of LE prediction. The surface structural characteristics of the identified conserved and unique LEs were confirmed through 3D structural analysis, and concepts of surface patches to analyze the spatial characteristics and physicochemical propensities of the predicted segments were proposed. In addition, an intelligent classifier based on the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) dataset was utilized to review the predicted segments, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to identify host-specific LEs. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We predicted 29 LEs for Nodaviridae. The analysis of the surface patches showed common tendencies regarding shape, curvedness, and PH features for the predicted LEs. Among them, five predicted exclusive LEs for fish species were selected and synthesized, and the corresponding ELISAs for antigenic feature analysis were examined. CONCLUSION: Five identified LEs possessed antigenicity and host specificity for grouper fish. We demonstrate that the proposed method provides an effective approach for in silico LE prediction prior to vaccine development and is especially powerful for analyzing antigen sequences with exclusive features among clustered antigen groups.

142. Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in Belgian Nursing Homes on COVID-19 Cases, Hospital Admissions, and Deaths among Residents.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Dequeker S, Callies M, Vernemmen C

143. Serotype I and II Feline Coronavirus Replication and Gene Expression Patterns of Feline Cells-Building a Better Understanding of Serotype I FIPV Biology.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Cook S, Castillo D, Williams S

144. Human Beta Papillomavirus Type 8 E1 and E2 Proteins Suppress the Activation of the RIG-I-Like Receptor MDA5.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Rattay S, Hufbauer M, Hagen C

Persistent infections of the skin with the human papillomavirus of genus beta (β-HPV) in immunocompetent individuals are asymptomatic, but in immunosuppressed patients, β-HPV infections exhibit much higher viral loads on the skin and are associated with an increased risk of skin cancer. Unlike with HPV16, a high-risk α-HPV, the impact of β-HPV early genes on the innate immune sensing of viral nucleic acids has not been studied. Here, we used primary skin keratinocytes and U2OS cells expressing HPV8 or distinct HPV8 early genes and well-defined ligands of the nucleic-acid-sensing receptors RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING to analyze a potential functional interaction. We found that primary skin keratinocytes and U2OS cells expressed RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING, but not TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9. While HPV16-E6 downregulated the expression of RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING and, in conjunction with HPV16-E7, effectively suppressed type I IFN in response to MDA5 activation, the presence of HPV8 early genes showed little effect on the expression of these immune receptors, except for HPV8-E2, which was associated with an elevated expression of TLR3. Nevertheless, whole HPV8 genome expression, as well as the selective expression of HPV8-E1 or HPV8-E2, was found to suppress MDA5-induced type I IFN and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Furthermore, RNA isolated from HPV8-E2 expressing primary human keratinocytes, but not control cells, stimulated a type I IFN response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating that the expression of HPV8-E2 in keratinocytes leads to the formation of stimulatory RNA ligands that require the active suppression of immune recognition. These results identify HPV8-E1 and HPV8-E2 as viral proteins that are responsible for the immune escape of β-HPV from the innate recognition of viral nucleic acids, a mechanism that may be necessary for establishing persistent β-HPV infections.

145. Proteolytic Activities of Enterovirus 2A Do Not Depend on Its Interaction with SETD3.

Viruses

2022 Jun 22

Yang X, Aloise C, van Vliet ALW

146. Point-of-Care Tests for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Li R, Tian X, Pang J

147. The Importance of Secretor-Status in Norovirus Infection Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Swartling L, Sparrelid E, Ljungman P

148. Applying Modified VP53A Recombinant Protein as an Anti-White Spot Syndrome Virus Biological Agent in Litopenaeus vannamei Farming.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Hsu JC, Huang HT, Lin HJ

149. ARNT Inhibits H5N1 Influenza A Virus Replication by Interacting with the PA Protein.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Feng H, Wang Z, Zhu P

150. Broadly Applicable, Virus-Free Dual Reporter Assay to Identify Compounds Interfering with Membrane Fusion: Performance for HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Classen N, Ulrich D, Hofemeier A

151. In Silico Analyses of the Role of Codon Usage at the Hemagglutinin Cleavage Site in Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Genesis.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Funk M, de Bruin ACM, Spronken MI

152. The Antifungal Itraconazole Is a Potent Inhibitor of Chikungunya Virus Replication.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Policastro LR, Dolci I, Godoy AS

153. Coronaviral Infection and Interferon Response: The Virus-Host Arms Race and COVID-19.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Liu Q, Chi S, Dmytruk K

154. Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 3 Genotype Influences Foliar Symptom Development in New Zealand Vineyards.

Viruses

2022 Jun 21

Chooi KM, Bell VA, Blouin AG

Grapevine leafroll disease (GLD) constrains wine production worldwide. In New Zealand, the main causal agent of GLD is grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). To control GLD, an integrated management program is used and includes removing (roguing) GLRaV-3-infected vines from the vineyard. The classical foliar symptoms from virus-infected red-berry cultivars are leaves with dark red intervein, green veins, and downward rolling of margins. Growers use these phenotypic cues to undertake visual symptom identification (VSI) for GLD. However, the influence of the known large genetic variation among GLRaV-3 isolates on the foliar symptoms from different grapevine cultivars remains undescribed, especially in cool-climate growing environments, such as New Zealand. Over three vintages (2015, 2016, and 2017), VSI for GLD was undertaken at three field sites in New Zealand (Auckland, Hawke's Bay, and Marlborough), each including four cultivars (Merlot, Pinot noir, Sauvignon blanc, and Pinot gris) infected with three GLRaV-3 genotypes (Groups I, VI, and X) or GLRaV-3-uninfected control plants. Throughout this study, no visual symptoms were observed on white-berry cultivars infected with GLRaV-3. For red-berry cultivars, the greatest variability in observed foliar symptoms among regional study sites, cultivars, and GLRaV-3 genotypes was observed early in the growing season. In particular, Group X had significantly delayed symptom expression across all three sites compared with Groups I and VI. As the newly infected, young vines matured in years 2 and 3, the GLRaV-3 genotype, cultivar, region, and environmental conditions had minimal influence on the accuracy of VSI, with consistently high (>95%) within-vintage identification by the end of each vintage. The results from this study strongly support the use of VSI for the GLD management of red-berry cultivar grapevines, Merlot and Pinot noir, as a reliable and cost-effective tool against GLD.

155. Association of Increased Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression and Regulatory T Cells Infiltration with Higher Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S2 Mutant after Curative Surgical Resection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Jeng LB, Li TC, Hsu SC

156. The Potyviral Protein 6K1 Reduces Plant Proteases Activity during Turnip mosaic virus Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Bera S, Arena GD, Ray S

157. Development of a Monoclonal Antibody to Pig CD69 Reveals Early Activation of T Cells in Pig after PRRSV and ASFV Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Tian Y, Hao Y, Dong M

158. Weight of Clinical and Social Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Mazzitelli M, Fusco P, Brogna M

159. Repurposing Molnupiravir for COVID-19: The Mechanisms of Antiviral Activity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Yip AJW, Low ZY, Chow VTK

160. Nucleic Acid Preservation Card Surveillance Is Effective for Monitoring Arbovirus Transmission on Crocodile Farms and Provides a One Health Benefit to Northern Australia.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Kurucz N, McMahon JL, Warchot A

The Kunjin strain of West Nile virus (WNVKUN) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can infect farmed saltwater crocodiles in Australia and cause skin lesions that devalue the hides of harvested animals. We implemented a surveillance system using honey-baited nucleic acid preservation cards to monitor WNVKUN and another endemic flavivirus pathogen, Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), on crocodile farms in northern Australia. The traps were set between February 2018 and July 2020 on three crocodile farms in Darwin (Northern Territory) and one in Cairns (North Queensland) at fortnightly intervals with reduced trapping during the winter months. WNVKUN RNA was detected on all three crocodile farms near Darwin, predominantly between March and May of each year. Two of the NT crocodile farms also yielded the detection of MVE viral RNA sporadically spread between April and November in 2018 and 2020. In contrast, no viral RNA was detected on crocodile farms in Cairns during the entire trapping period. The detection of WNVKUN and MVEV transmission by FTATM cards on farms in the Northern Territory generally correlated with the detection of their transmission to sentinel chicken flocks in nearby localities around Darwin as part of a separate public health surveillance program. While no isolates of WNVKUN or MVEV were obtained from mosquitoes collected on Darwin crocodile farms immediately following the FTATM card detections, we did isolate another flavivirus, Kokobera virus (KOKV), from Culex annulirostris mosquitoes. Our studies support the use of the FTATM card system as a sensitive and accurate method to monitor the transmission of WNVKUN and other arboviruses on crocodile farms to enable the timely implementation of mosquito control measures. Our detection of MVEV transmission and isolation of KOKV from mosquitoes also warrants further investigation of their potential role in causing diseases in crocodiles and highlights a "One Health" issue concerning arbovirus transmission to crocodile farm workers. In this context, the introduction of FTATM cards onto crocodile farms appears to provide an additional surveillance tool to detect arbovirus transmission in the Darwin region, allowing for a more timely intervention of vector control by relevant authorities.

161. Novel Bacteriophage Specific against Staphylococcus epidermidis and with Antibiofilm Activity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Fanaei Pirlar R, Wagemans J, Ponce Benavente L

162. Shiftless, a Critical Piece of the Innate Immune Response to Viral Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Rodriguez W, Muller M.

163. The Viral Susceptibility of the Haloferax Species.

Viruses

2022 Jun 20

Aguirre Sourrouille Z, Schwarzer S, Lequime S

164. Bovine Astrovirus-A Comprehensive Review.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Zhu Q, Li B, Sun D.

165. The Isolation and Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing of a Novel Nidovirus and Response of Its Infection in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Gong C, Zhang Y, Wang G

166. Human Papillomavirus Detected in Oropharyngeal Cancers from Chilean Subjects.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Oliva C, Carrillo-Beltrán D, Boettiger P

167. A Single-Round Infection Fluorescent SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Test for COVID-19 Serological Testing at a Biosafety Level-2 Laboratory.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Zou J, Xia H, Shi PY

168. The Emergence of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Australia in 2022: Existing Knowledge of Mosquito Vectors.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

van den Hurk AF, Skinner E, Ritchie SA

169. MicroRNA Regulation of Human Herpesvirus Latency.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Chen S, Deng Y, Pan D.

170. Immunogenicity of Varicella Zoster Virus DNA Vaccines Encoding Glycoprotein E and Immediate Early Protein 63 in Mice.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Liu J, Lin J, Cai L

171. Impact of Cultured Neuron Models on α-Herpesvirus Latency Research.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Wilson AC.

172. Cross-Reactive Immunity among Five Medically Important Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses Related to Human Diseases.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Hou B, Chen H, Gao N

173. EGR1 Upregulation during Encephalitic Viral Infections Contributes to Inflammation and Cell Death.

Viruses

2022 Jun 2

Lehman CW, Smith A, Kelly J

Early growth response 1 (EGR1) is an immediate early gene and transcription factor previously found to be significantly upregulated in human astrocytoma cells infected with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV). The loss of EGR1 resulted in decreased cell death but had no significant impact on viral replication. Here, we extend these studies to determine the impacts of EGR1 on gene expression following viral infection. Inflammatory genes CXCL3, CXCL8, CXCL10, TNF, and PTGS2 were upregulated in VEEV-infected cells, which was partially dependent on EGR1. Additionally, transcription factors, including EGR1 itself, as well as ATF3, FOS, JUN, KLF4, EGR2, and EGR4 were found to be partially transcriptionally dependent on EGR1. We also examined the role of EGR1 and the changes in gene expression in response to infection with other alphaviruses, including eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), Sindbis virus (SINV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), as well as Zika virus (ZIKV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), members of the Flaviviridae and Phenuiviridae families, respectively. EGR1 was significantly upregulated to varying degrees in EEEV-, CHIKV-, RVFV-, SINV-, and ZIKV-infected astrocytoma cells. Genes that were identified as being partially transcriptionally dependent on EGR1 in infected cells included ATF3 (EEEV, CHIKV, ZIKV), JUN (EEEV), KLF4 (SINV, ZIKV, RVFV), CXCL3 (EEEV, CHIKV, ZIKV), CXCL8 (EEEV, CHIKV, ZIKV, RVFV), CXCL10 (EEEV, RVFV), TNF-α (EEEV, ZIKV, RVFV), and PTGS2 (EEEV, CHIKV, ZIKV). Additionally, inhibition of the inflammatory gene PTGS2 with Celecoxib, a small molecule inhibitor, rescued astrocytoma cells from VEEV-induced cell death but had no impact on viral titers. Collectively, these results suggest that EGR1 induction following viral infection stimulates multiple inflammatory mediators. Managing inflammation and cell death in response to viral infection is of utmost importance, especially during VEEV infection where survivors are at-risk for neurological sequalae.

174. Extracellular Polymeric Substances: Still Promising Antivirals.

Viruses

2022 Jun 19

Bello-Morales R, Andreu S, Ruiz-Carpio V

175. Exploring the Mumps Virus Glycoproteins: A Review.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Frost JR, Shaikh S, Severini A.

176. Evaluation of New Polyclonal Antibody Developed for Serological Diagnostics of Tomato Mosaic Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Mrkvová M, Hančinský R, Grešíková S

177. Detection of Ancient Viruses and Long-Term Viral Evolution.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Nishimura L, Fujito N, Sugimoto R

178. Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Variants to Vaccine-Elicited Sera and Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Zhou H, Dcosta BM, Landau NR

179. Developing Pseudovirus-Based Neutralization Assay against Omicron-Included SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Sun H, Xu J, Zhang G

180. Nuances of Responses to Two Sources of Grapevine Leafroll Disease on Pinot Noir Grown in the Field for 17 Years.

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Reynard JS, Brodard J, Zufferey V

181. SARS-CoV-2, Placental Histopathology, Gravity of Infection and Immunopathology: Is There an Association?

Viruses

2022 Jun 18

Resta L, Vimercati A, Cazzato G

182. Cardiac Complications of COVID-19 in Low-Risk Patients.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Srinivasan A, Wong F, Couch LS

183. Identification of Phage Receptor-Binding Protein Sequences with Hidden Markov Models and an Extreme Gradient Boosting Classifier.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Boeckaerts D, Stock M, De Baets B

184. Expression of Alphavirus Nonstructural Protein 2 (nsP2) in Mosquito Cells Inhibits Viral RNA Replication in Both a Protease Activity-Dependent and -Independent Manner.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Cherkashchenko L, Rausalu K, Basu S

185. Palmitoylation Is Indispensable for Remorin to Restrict Tobacco Mosaic Virus Cell-to-Cell Movement in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Ma T, Fu S, Wang K

186. Human Intramuscular Hyperimmune Gamma Globulin (hIHGG) Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Characteristics of Intermediates and Final Product.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Lachert E, Lasocka J, Bielawski A

187. ORFeome Phage Display Reveals a Major Immunogenic Epitope on the S2 Subdomain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Ballmann R, Hotop SK, Bertoglio F

188. Influenza B: Prospects for the Development of Cross-Protective Vaccines.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Tsybalova LM, Stepanova LA, Ramsay ES

189. Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus Infection-From Drug Discovery to Successful Implementation in Clinical Practice.

Viruses

2022 Jun 17

Dietz C, Maasoumy B.

190. Investigating COVID-19 Vaccine Impact on the Risk of Hospitalisation through the Analysis of National Surveillance Data Collected in Belgium.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Erazo D, Vincenti-Gonzalez MF, van Loenhout JAF

191. A Novel Class of HIV-1 Inhibitors Targeting the Vpr-Induced G2-Arrest in Macrophages by New Yeast- and Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Sato H, Murakami T, Matsuura R

192. Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Seychelles, 2020-2021.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Morobe JM, Pool B, Marie L

193. Prevention and Control of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea: The Development of Recombination-Resistant Live Attenuated Vaccines.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Niu X, Wang Q.

194. SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant N Gene Mutations Reduce Sensitivity to the TaqPath COVID-19 Multiplex Molecular Diagnostic Assay.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Holland SC, Bains A, Holland LA

195. A Novel Flavi-like Virus in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Crops along the Snake River Valley.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Dahan J, Wolf YI, Orellana GE

196. Pathogenesis of West Nile Virus Lineage 2 in Domestic Geese after Experimental Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 16

Reemtsma H, Holicki CM, Fast C

197. Strategies That Facilitate Extraction-Free SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Delgado-Diaz DJ, Sakthivel D, Nguyen HHT

198. Isolation and Characterization of Lytic Proteus Virus 309.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Aaron J, van Zyl LJ, Dicks LMT.

199. Influenza Virus Infections in Polarized Cells.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Praena B, Wan XF.

200. Immunometabolic Reprogramming in Response to HIV Infection Is Not Fully Normalized by Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Deme P, Rubin LH, Yu D

201. Virome of Grapevine Germplasm from the Anapa Ampelographic Collection (Russia).

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Shvets D, Porotikova E, Sandomirsky K

202. Insight into the Epidemiology and Evolutionary History of Novel Goose Astrovirus-Associated Gout in Goslings in Southern China.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Fu X, Hou Z, Liu W

203. A Review on Equine Influenza from a Human Influenza Perspective.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Whitlock F, Murcia PR, Newton JR.

204. Inhibitors of Activin Receptor-like Kinase 5 Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 S-Protein Processing and Spike-Mediated Cell Fusion via Attenuation of Furin Expression.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Mezger MC, Conzelmann C, Weil T

205. Persistent, and Asymptomatic Viral Infections and Whitefly-Transmitted Viruses Impacting Cantaloupe and Watermelon in Georgia, USA.

Viruses

2022 Jun 15

Adeleke IA, Kavalappara SR, McGregor C

206. Neuraminidase (NA) 370-Loop Mutations of the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Viruses Affect NA Enzyme Activity, Hemagglutination Titer, Mouse Virulence, and Inactivated-Virus Immunogenicity.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Chen TH, Chen CC, Wu SC.

207. Nationwide Harmonization Effort for Semi-Quantitative Reporting of SARS-CoV-2 PCR Test Results in Belgium.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Cuypers L, Bode J, Beuselinck K

208. The Present and Future of Virology in the Czech Republic-A New Phoenix Made of Ashes?

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Ruml T.

209. Photodynamic Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity and Antiviral Treatment Effects In Vitro.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Ziganshyna S, Szczepankiewicz G, Kuehnert M

210. In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a New Strain of Mosquito Flavivirus Derived from Culicoides.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Huang Y, Zhang H, Li X

211. From Open Access to Circular Health: Ilaria Capua's Journey through Science and Politics.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Crisci E.

212. Antigenic Site Immunodominance Redirection Following Repeat Variant Exposure.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Lindesmith LC, Brewer-Jensen PD, Mallory ML

213. Canid herpesvirus 1 Preferentially Infects Polarized Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells from the Basolateral Surface.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Eisa M, Micky S, Pearson A.

214. A Hemagglutinin Stem Vaccine Designed Rationally by AlphaFold2 Confers Broad Protection against Influenza B Infection.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Zeng D, Xin J, Yang K

215. Expanding Mouse-Adapted Yamagata-like Influenza B Viruses in Eggs Enhances In Vivo Lethality in BALB/c Mice.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Pekarek MJ, Petro-Turnquist EM, Rubrum A

216. Borneol Ester Derivatives as Entry Inhibitors of a Wide Spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 Viruses.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Yarovaya OI, Shcherbakov DN, Borisevich SS

217. Evaluation of Screening Program and Phylogenetic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Hospital Healthcare Workers in Liège, Belgium.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

El Moussaoui M, Maes N, Hong SL

218. Benzimidazole-2-Phenyl-Carboxamides as Dual-Target Inhibitors of BVDV Entry and Replication.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Ibba R, Riu F, Delogu I

219. Clinical Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Compared with Delta among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Belgium during Autumn and Winter Season 2021-2022.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Van Goethem N, Chung PYJ, Meurisse M

220. SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in the Pulmonary Compartment of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Correlates with Viral Serum Load and Fatal Outcomes.

Viruses

2022 Jun 14

Ynga-Durand M, Maaß H, Milošević M

221. In-Depth Temporal Transcriptome Profiling of an Alphaherpesvirus Using Nanopore Sequencing.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Tombácz D, Kakuk B, Torma G

222. Independent Cis-Regulatory Modules within the Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0) Promoter Are Transactivated by Krüppel-like Factor 15 and Glucocorticoid Receptor.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Wijesekera N, Hazell N, Jones C.

223. Research Progress on Emerging Viral Pathogens of Small Ruminants in China during the Last Decade.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Mao L, Li W, Hao F

224. Serological Evidence of Exposure to Onyong-Nyong and Chikungunya Viruses in Febrile Patients of Rural Taita-Taveta County and Urban Kibera Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Masika MM, Korhonen EM, Smura T

225. Oleanolic Acid Derivative AXX-18 Exerts Antiviral Activity by Inhibiting the Expression of HSV-1 Viral Genes UL8 and UL52.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Wang Z, Jia J, Jiang Y

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Adegboye OA, Eugenia Castellanos M, Alele FO

227. Specific Recognition of the 5'-Untranslated Region of West Nile Virus Genome by Human Innate Immune System.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Bignon E, Marazzi M, Miclot T

228. The In Vitro Replication, Spread, and Oncolytic Potential of Finnish Circulating Strains of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Kalke K, Orpana J, Lasanen T

229. Biomarkers Predictive for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Austria: An Analysis of COVID-19 in Diabetes Registry.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Aziz F, Stöcher H, Bräuer A

230. Review of Medicinal Plants and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients against Aquatic Pathogenic Viruses.

Viruses

2022 Jun 13

Liao W, Huang L, Han S

231. Design of a US28 ORF Deletion Virus in a Temperature-Sensitive Cytomegalovirus Strain Fails to Promote Lytic Replication in Hematopoietic Cells.

Viruses

2022 Jun 12

Krishna BA, Wass AB, Murphy EA

232. Histopathologic and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Induced Lesions, Tissue Tropism and Host Responses following Experimental Infection of Egyptian Rousette Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) with the Zoonotic Paramyxovirus, Sosuga Virus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 12

Kirejczyk SGM, Amman BR, Schuh AJ

233. Global Burden of Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in People Living with HIV and/or AIDS.

Viruses

2022 Jun 12

Ramezanzadeh S, Beloukas A, Pagheh AS

234. First Evidence of Past and Present Interactions between Viruses and the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens.

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Pienaar RD, Gilbert C, Belliardo C

235. Targeted Virome Sequencing Enhances Unbiased Detection and Genome Assembly of Known and Emerging Viruses-The Example of SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Pogka V, Papadopoulou G, Valiakou V

236. Torque Teno Virus Primary Infection Kinetics in Early Childhood.

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Väisänen E, Kuisma I, Mäkinen M

237. Infectious Aerosol Capture Mask as Environmental Control to Reduce Spread of Respiratory Viral Particles.

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Santarpia JL, Markin NW, Herrera VL

238. Transcriptomic Analysis of MDBK Cells Infected with Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Strains of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV).

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Mirosław P, Rola-Łuszczak M, Kuźmak J

239. Nucleopore Traffic Is Hindered by SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Protein to Efficiently Suppress IFN-β and IL-6 Secretion.

Viruses

2022 Jun 11

Gori Savellini G, Anichini G, Gandolfo C

A weak production of INF-β along with an exacerbated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported during infection by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARS-CoV-2 encodes several proteins that are able to counteract the host immune system, which is believed to be one of the most important features contributing to the viral pathogenesis and development of a severe clinical outcomes. Previous reports demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein strongly suppresses INF-β production by hindering the RIG-I, MDA-5, and MAVS signaling cascade. In the present study, we better characterized the mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 counteracts IFN-β and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which plays a crucial role in the inflammation process associated with the viral infection. In the present study, we demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein has evolved an alternative mechanism to guarantee host IFN-β and IL-6 suppression, in addition to the transcriptional control exerted on the genes. Indeed, a block in movement through the nucleopore of newly synthetized messenger RNA encoding the immune-modulatory cytokines IFN-β and IL-6 are reported here. The ORF6 accessory protein of SARS-CoV-2 displays a multifunctional activity and may represent one of the most important virulence factors. Where conventional antagonistic strategies of immune evasion-such as the suppression of specific transcription factors (e.g., IRF-3, STAT-1/2)-would not be sufficient, the SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein is the trump card for the virus, also blocking the movement of IFN-β and IL-6 mRNAs from nucleus to cytoplasm. Conversely, we showed that nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor is not affected by the ORF6 protein, although inhibition of its cytoplasmic activation occurred. Therefore, the ORF6 protein exerts a 360-degree inhibition of the antiviral response by blocking as many critical points as possible.

240. Mechanism of Viral Suppression among HIV Elite Controllers and Long-Term Nonprogressors in Nigeria and South Africa.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Ahmed RA, Adekoya KO, Onwuamah CK

241. Redesign and Validation of a Real-Time RT-PCR to Improve Surveillance for Avian Influenza Viruses of the H9 Subtype.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Panzarin V, Marciano S, Fortin A

242. PIMGAVir and Vir-MinION: Two Viral Metagenomic Pipelines for Complete Baseline Analysis of 2nd and 3rd Generation Data.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Mastriani E, Bienes KM, Wong G

243. Filamentous Pseudomonas Phage Pf4 in the Context of Therapy-Inducibility, Infectivity, Lysogenic Conversion, and Potential Application.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Gavric D, Knezevic P.

More than 20% of all Pseudomonas aeruginosa are infected with Pf4-related filamentous phage and although their role in virulence of P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 is well documented, its properties related to therapy are not elucidated in detail. The aim of this study was to determine how phage and antibiotic therapy induce Pf4, whether the released virions can infect other strains and how the phage influences the phenotype of new hosts. The subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and mitomycin C increased Pf4 production for more than 50% during the first and sixth hour of exposure, respectively, while mutants appearing after infection with obligatory lytic phage at low MOI produced Pf4 more than four times after 12-24 h of treatment. This indicates that production of Pf4 is enhanced during therapy with these agents. The released virions can infect new P. aeruginosa strains, as confirmed for models UCBPP-PA14 (PA14) and LESB58, existing both episomally and in a form of a prophage, as confirmed by PCR, RFLP, and sequencing. The differences in properties of Pf4-infected, and uninfected PA14 and LESB58 strains were obvious, as infection with Pf4 significantly decreased cell autoaggregation, pyoverdine, and pyocyanin production, while significantly increased swimming motility and biofilm production in both strains. In addition, in strain PA14, Pf4 increased cell surface hydrophobicity and small colony variants' appearance, but also decreased twitching and swarming motility. This indicates that released Pf4 during therapy can infect new strains and cause lysogenic conversion. The infection with Pf4 increased LESB58 sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, ceftazidime, tetracycline, and streptomycin, and PA14 to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Moreover, the Pf4-infected LESB58 was re-sensitized to ceftazidime and tetracycline, with changes from resistant to intermediate resistant and sensitive, respectively. The obtained results open a new field in phage therapy-treatment with selected filamentous phages in order to re-sensitize pathogenic bacteria to certain antibiotics. However, this approach should be considered with precautions, taking into account potential lysogenic conversion.

244. Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus-Infected Cucumis sativus.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Dong Z, Zhan B, Li S.

245. High and Sustained Ex Vivo Frequency but Altered Phenotype of SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD4(+) T-Cells in an Anti-CD20-Treated Patient with Prolonged COVID-19.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Cords L, Knapp M, Woost R

246. Systemic Neutralizing Antibodies and Local Immune Responses Are Critical for the Control of SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Chandrasekar SS, Phanse Y, Riel M

247. Conformational Changes in Ff Phage Protein gVp upon Complexation with Its Viral Single-Stranded DNA Revealed Using Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Kedem S, Hassid RR, Shamir Y

248. Development of a Singleplex Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay for Pan-Dengue Virus Detection and Quantification.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Songjaeng A, Thiemmeca S, Mairiang D

249. Intraneuronal β-Amyloid Accumulation: Aging HIV-1 Human and HIV-1 Transgenic Rat Brain.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Li H, McLaurin KA, Mactutus CF

250. Complete Genome Sequencing of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Directly from Clinical Samples: Comparison of Shotgun Metagenomic and Targeted Amplicon-Based Sequencing.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Zakotnik S, Knap N, Bogovič P

251. Sequential Appearance and Isolation of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant between Two Major SARS-CoV-2 Variants in a Chronically Infected Immunocompromised Patient.

Viruses

2022 Jun 10

Burel E, Colson P, Lagier JC

252. SARS CoV-2 (Delta Variant) Infection Kinetics and Immunopathogenesis in Domestic Cats.

Viruses

2022 Jun 1

Tamil Selvan M, Gunasekara S, Xiao P

Continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlights the critical need for adaptable and translational animal models for acute COVID-19. Limitations to current animal models for SARS CoV-2 (e.g., transgenic mice, non-human primates, ferrets) include subclinical to mild lower respiratory disease, divergence from clinical COVID-19 disease course, and/or the need for host genetic modifications to permit infection. We therefore established a feline model to study COVID-19 disease progression and utilized this model to evaluate infection kinetics and immunopathology of the rapidly circulating Delta variant (B.1.617.2) of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, specific-pathogen-free domestic cats (n = 24) were inoculated intranasally and/or intratracheally with SARS CoV-2 (B.1.617.2). Infected cats developed severe clinical respiratory disease and pulmonary lesions at 4- and 12-days post-infection (dpi), even at 1/10 the dose of previously studied wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Infectious virus was isolated from nasal secretions of delta-variant infected cats in high amounts at multiple timepoints, and viral antigen was co-localized in ACE2-expressing cells of the lungs (pneumocytes, vascular endothelium, peribronchial glandular epithelium) and strongly associated with severe pulmonary inflammation and vasculitis that were more pronounced than in wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection. RNA sequencing of infected feline lung tissues identified upregulation of multiple gene pathways associated with cytokine receptor interactions, chemokine signaling, and viral protein-cytokine interactions during acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) of differentially expressed genes identified several distinct clusters of dysregulated hub genes that are significantly correlated with both clinical signs and lesions during acute infection. Collectively, the results of these studies help to delineate the role of domestic cats in disease transmission and response to variant emergence, establish a flexible translational model to develop strategies to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, and identify potential targets for downstream therapeutic development.

253. D2I and F9Y Mutations in the NS1 Protein of Influenza A Virus Affect Viral Replication via Regulating Host Innate Immune Responses.

Viruses

2022 Jun 1

Yu M, Guo Y, Zhao L

254. Factors Involved in the Apoptotic Cell Death Mechanism in Yellow Fever Hepatitis.

Viruses

2022 Jun 1

da Costa Lopes J, Falcão LFM, Martins Filho AJ

255. Discovery of a Novel Coronavirus in Swedish Bank Voles (Myodes glareolus).

Viruses

2022 Jun 1

Wasberg A, Raghwani J, Li J

Newmer生物

Newmer生物